磺酸型聚氨酯分散体及聚氨酯/丙烯酸酯核壳乳液的合成EI北大核心CSCD

以自制的磺酸型聚酯二元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯为主要原料,经丙酮法制得了稳定的磺酸型聚氨酯分散体。用红外光谱、凝胶渗透色谱、差示扫描量热仪、透射电镜及粒径分析仪等研究了磺酸型聚酯二元醇相对分子质量对水性聚氨酯分散体粒径及性能的影响。结果表明,随磺酸型聚酯二元醇相对分子质量的增加,所得聚氨酯分散体的粒径和相对分子质量逐渐减小,分子链的结晶性能增加,但成膜性降低。对亲水性较强的丙烯酸酯单体,粒径较大的磺酸型聚氨酯分散体增容丙烯酸酯的能力越强,越容易生成以聚氨酯为壳、聚丙烯酸酯为核的聚氨酯/丙烯酸酯核壳乳液。     

相机与星敏组合体结构件常压热变形复合测量试验方法

针对某型号卫星相机与星敏组合体结构件的热变形试验需求,提出了一种常压热变形复合测量试验方法.在地面常压环境下,采用经纬仪、数字摄影测量相机、激光位移计共3种测量设备,通过搭建测控系统,设计试验工况,制造温度拉偏,精确复合测量试件在各种温度工况下的热变形情况,并进行相互验证,消除外部环境干扰等因素引起的试验件的位移,为验证热变形分析、改进设计提供支撑数据.试验按照试件温度状态分为4个工况、20个子工况,测量得到常压环境下相机、星敏间夹角最大变化量为200″.试验表明,该常压热变形复合测量试验方法完全满足卫星结构热变形的测量需求,探寻了相机与星敏间夹角变化与温度变化间的规律,试验数据与计算结果吻合,并为复杂几何形体的机械零件热变形测量提供了新的测试方法与手段.     

Influence of Biodopants on PEDOT Biomaterial Polymers: Using QCM‐D to Characterize Polymer Interactions with Proteins and Living Cells

Organic conducting polymers (OCPs) are currently the subject of intense research in the area of biomaterials and bioelectronics. Of the OCPs, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) has attracted significant interest, however there has been little work on investigating the incorporation of biological compounds as the dopant species in the polymer which are aimed at enhancing the biocompatibility and biofunctionality of the material. Here, we incorporate the biological dopants dextran sulphate, chondroitin sulphate, and alginate, into PEDOT polymers and investigate their influence on a suite of physicochemical and electrochemical properties. We employ QCM‐D to study the mass of adsorption and the viscoelastic properties of the important extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin and collagen. Furthermore, we use QCM‐D to study the adhesion of PC12 neural cells to the PEDOT‐biodopant polymers with and without an adsorbed protein conditioning layer. QCM‐D was found to be an excellent tool with which to study conducting polymer–biological interactions, with this report the first time that QCM‐D has been used to study cell interactions with conducting polymer biomaterials.     

终端靶场中相位畸变对近场光束质量的影响

终端靶场聚焦系统中的光学元件上存在不可避免的缺陷致使光场波前发生畸变,根据高功率激光装置终端靶场系统中强光束传输的特点,建立了描述光学元件引入的局域相位调制的模型,研究了终端靶场中具有高斯型相位波前畸变的平顶光束经过透镜会聚,并在后续防溅射板等熔石英介质中经历非线性增长的传输演变过程,详细分析了高斯型相位波前畸变、熔石英厚度和透镜焦距对终端靶场聚焦系统中的近场光束质量的影响。结果表明,高斯型波前畸变越严重、熔石英厚度越长、透镜焦距越短,近场光束质量越差,中高频增长越多。     

A Hybrid Method for Multi-sensor Remote Sensing Image Registration Based on Salience Region

In order to align the remote sensing images, we propose a novel hybrid method that combines image segmentation and salient region detection, which is inspired by human vision system. First of all, we present a novel superpixel-based method for dividing the image into sub-areas. Second, we propose a novel method based on color and image textures for detecting salient regions composed by superpixels. Then, we extract a new feature based on difference of Gaussian and local binary pattern from the salient regions. Finally, the sensed image is transformed by thin-plate spline. The proposed algorithm was tested on 30 pairs of remote sensing images and compared to other three state of the art methods. Experimental results show our approach is fast and robust, while still being efficient, which is better than other three methods.     

分子筛粉化流失的原因分析及处理

某甲烷深冷分离制天然气装置因分子筛净化设备的分子筛粉化流失而停运。从工艺参数的控制和分子筛吸附器结构的优化两方面采取措施后,整套装置稳定运行。介绍故障现象和原因分析过程,阐述处理措施及其效果。     

热变形对轴承钢G80T晶粒细化行为的影响

利用Gleeble-3800热模拟变形试验机,对高温轴承钢G80T的动态再结晶行为及相关力学性能进行了研究。通过对该钢在1 050℃下以10s-1的变形速率进行0%~70%的不同形变量的单道次压缩,研究了不同形变量下热变形钢的微观组织结构及硬度。结果表明:当形变量在20%时,无动态再结晶发生;当形变量达到40%时,热变形组织出现了部分的再结晶晶粒;随着形变量的进一步加大,再结晶晶粒数目增多,形变量达到60%后,形变组织形成了平均晶粒尺寸为2.8μm的完全再结晶组织。同时由于形变和晶粒尺寸大幅度细化,钢中的碳化物也随着形变量的增加而逐步减少。通过对压缩应力-应变曲线软化行为的分析,认为该钢的再结晶属于动态再结晶;在1 050℃进行60%的形变可以实现该钢的完全动态再结晶,将平均晶粒尺寸从原始的22μm细化到2.8μm,同时将钢的硬度从820 HV提高到895 HV。研究结果表明,动态再结晶是细化高温轴承钢G80T晶粒尺寸和提高性能的一种有效措施。     

强抗钙强抑制改性淀粉的合成及性能评价

以淀粉和自制新型烯类单体为原料合成了改性淀粉接枝共聚物,并对该改性淀粉接枝共聚物性能进行了评价。结果表明,该改性淀粉在不同基浆中加量为2.0%~3.0%时,均可将滤失量控制在10 m L之内;抗温达130℃;尤其是具有强抗盐抗钙性能,抗氯化钠、氯化钙均可至饱和,并且随含盐量的增加,降滤失效果和提黏切能力反而增强。表观黏度上升率实验和黏土块浸泡实验结果表明,由于高含量阳离子基团的引入,该改性淀粉具有较好的抑制黏土水化分散性能。     

高性能CaCl_2/聚合物水基钻井液的室内研究

在自制新型烯类聚合单体的基础上,合成出一种新型配套的、抗Ca Cl2至饱和的强抗钙聚合物,初步形成了2种Ca Cl2/聚合物水基钻井液的基本配方:水+1.5%(3.0%)凹凸棒石+0.3%(0.2%)XC+5%KCl+40%(60%)无水Ca Cl2+2%强抗钙聚合物,强抗钙聚合物与Ca Cl2能形成良好的协同效应,是体系的核心。综合性能评价结果表明,Ca Cl2/聚合物钻井液的抑制性能和润滑性能尤为突出,在120℃滚动老化16 h后,一次、二次回收率均为100%,抑制能力超强;体系的黏附系数为0.001 69,润滑系数最低为0.038,达到油基钻井液水平;强抗钙聚合物对凹凸棒石具有较强的吸附和分散能力,可以形成薄而致密的滤饼,显著提高体系降滤失能力;可以用聚合醇或聚电解质作封堵剂;含60%Ca Cl2的配方抗温达120℃。可以得出,该体系具有满足复杂地层钻井要求的潜力,与油基钻井液性能相仿,并且成本低,无污染,满足排放标准,维护简单,具有良好的应用前景。     

Optimizing the Size of Micellar Nanoparticles for Efficient siRNA Delivery

Delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) by nanocarriers has shown promising therapeutic potential in cancer therapy. However, poor understanding of the correlation between the physicochemical properties of nanocarriers and their interactions with biological systems has significantly hindered its anticancer efficacy. Herein, in order to identify the optimal size of nanocarriers for siRNA delivery, different sized cationic micellar nanoparticles (MNPs) (40, 90, 130, and 180 nm) are developed that exhibit similar siRNA binding efficacies, shapes, surface charges, and surface chemistries (PEGylation) to ensure size is the only variable. Size‐dependent biological effects are carefully and comprehensively evaluated through both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Among these nanocarriers, the 90 nm MNPs show the optimal balance of prolonged circulation and cellular uptake by tumor cells, which result in the highest retention in tumor cells. In contrast, larger MNPs are rapidly cleared from the circulation and smaller MNPs are inefficiently taken up by tumor cells. Accordingly, 90 nm MNPs carrying polo‐like kinase 1 (Plk1)‐specific siRNA (siPlk1) show superior antitumor efficacy, indicating that 90 nm could either be the optimal size for systemic delivery of siRNA or close to it. Our findings provide valuable information for rationally designing nanocarriers for siRNA‐based cancer therapy in the future.